Lý Minh Nhật

Before going to the discussion section, let’s compare the theory to contemporary ones in various fields.

Cognitive psychology

Depending on the context, the clearness - fadedness continuum can be described as:

Model	Clearness	Fadedness	Example
Attitude	Explicit attitude	Implicit attitude	Belief, judgement, external pressure
Persuasion	• Central route processing • Systematic processing	• Peripheral route processing • Heuristic processing
Awareness	Consciousness	Unconsciousness	Judgement, categorization
Knowledge	Declarative knowledge	Procedural knowledge	Categorization, feature, attribution, proposition: FADEDNESS(clearness 1, clearness 2)
Attention	Controlled process	Automated process	Rumination, absentminded, slip, inattention blindness
Memory	Retrievable memory	Decayed memory	Prime, stimuli, tip of the tongue effect, recall, recognition
Logic	Stated information	Unstated assumptions

The movement is the organization of knowledge, or the thing you observe in your self-awareness, retrospection, introspection, metacognition, etc. The perspective can be the schema, script, frame, topic, mindset, mental state, paradigm, worldview, belief, etc.

Memory

Let’s compare to the multi-store model:

Clearness	Retrievable memory
Fadedness	Irretrievable/decayed/forgotten memory, automaticity
New clearness registration	Transfer to long-term memory
Movement forming a clearness	Chunking, bottom up
Looking into a clearness and see a different perspective in there	Memory retrieval, top down
Perspective changing make the fadedness becomes clearness	Attention, long-term memory to working memory
Movement changing under the same clearness	Memory distortion

Cognitive linguistics

Fadedness	Prior knowledge
Movement completion registers new clearness	Concept formation
Movement reset	Schema change, language fluidity, clear-cut boundary becomes blurry
Isolated clearness	Fleeting perfect word combination
Unique set of clearnesses	Defining features (necessary and sufficient conditions)

	Clearness	Fadedness	Perspective
Frame semantic	Element		Frame
Cognitive grammar	Thing	Relation
Metaphor	Feature		Domain

There are 5 frameworks to study communication: (1) communication as shaper of public opinion; (2) as language use; (3) as information transmission; (4) as developer of relationships; and (5) as definer, interpreter, and critic of culture. Under different perspectives the partakers will have a hard time to communicate efficiently. The perspectives are different, but they are slightly different. The clearness communication, therefore, is a polysemy.

Cognitive therapies

This is the model of CBT (image taken from Hofmann, 2012):

Core belief, maladaptive cognition, misconception, impulse	Clearness
Automatic thought, maladaptive cognition, misconception	Fadedness
Identifying misconception, downward arrow technique, acceptance	Unfading a fadedness (by changing the perspective)
Modifying misconception	Resetting the movement
Acceptance, exposure	Getting into a new perspective
Distancing, decentering	Getting to a new perspective and looking back

Buddhism

Clearness	Dharma
Duality	Dharma is both real and unreal, impermanence
Movement forming clearness	Conditions produce dharma
Perspective	Clinging on dharma

Mindfulness	Being attentive of the duality of each clearness
Enlightenment	Movement forming and clearness registration
Detachment, dispassion	Getting to a new perspective and looking back
Reincarnation, impermanence	Chain of clearnesses

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